Rhineland-Vosges

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Rhineland-Vosges Campaign Overview

Introduction Before drilling into the details of the 442nd’s battles in the Vosges Mountains, it is important to understand the bigger picture of the tactical situation.  The following describes the U.S. Army units who were fighting to breakthrough the densely wooded mountains into the Alsace plains to the east and across the Rhine River into central and southern Germany.  The Nazi forces defending this mountain barrier, and their advantages of terrain, weather, manpower, and weapons are described.  This “bigger picture” is followed by a day-by-day narrative of the 442nd’s battles in this campaign, as written in 1945 while the 442nd was in occupation duty following the end of the war. U.S. 7th Army Tactical Situation Background: The following is a direct extract from:  Keith E....

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The Vosges Battles as Experienced by the 442nd Regimental Combat Team

Background: The following is a direct extract from:  Shirey, Orville C. Americans: The Story of the 442nd Combat Team.  Infantry Journal: Washington, D.C., 1946. This narrative was researched and written by 442nd RCT soldiers in their headquarters at Livorno, Italy, while on occupation duty in 1945 after the war had ended.  They had direct access to all the Combat Team’s records in the unit’s files. Orville Shirey was the 442nd Headquarters officer in charge of this unit history project. After return to the US, he published this history in the Infantry Journal, a publication of the United States Infantry Association. Sectioning of this narrative by date has been added. Also the names of soldiers who were killed in action or died of wounds for each...

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Overview of the Vosges Battles

RHINELAND CAMPAIGN-VOSGES (October 10, 1944 – November 21, 1944) There were five major battle campaigns that were fought by the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, of which the Rhineland Campaign-Vosges was one of them.  The 442nd arrived in France in October 1944 to join the 36th Division as part of the 7th Army, after fighting in and then leaving Italy, where the 442nd and 100th Infantry Battalion had joined up to form the RCT.  At this point in time, the Allies were about 40 miles from the France/Germany border but the Vosges Mountains brought a new type of terrain experience for the 442nd soldiers. In order to proceed ahead towards the border, the soldiers needed to secure the town of Bruyeres.  Bruyeres is located in a...

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