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Acceptance & Opportunity 1945 - Today

Congress Admits Injustice of AJA Internments

January 1, 1980

Congressional Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians established; December 1982 report “Personal Justice Denied” states the mass incarceration of AJAs based on “race prejudice, war hysteria, and a failure of political leadership” and recommends an apology and payment to surviving internees.

Acceptance & Opportunity 1945 - Today

Executive Order 9066 Rescinded

January 1, 1976

President Gerald R. Ford issues Proclamation 4417 rescinding Executive Order 9066: “We now know what we should have known then – not only was that evacuation wrong, but Japanese-Americans were and are loyal Americans….I call upon the American people to affirm with me this American Promise-that we have learned from the tragedy of that long-ago experience forever to treasure liberty and justice for each individual American, and resolve that this kind of action shall never again be repeated.”

Acceptance & Opportunity 1945 - Today

Issei Eligible for US Citizenship

June 27, 1952

Provisions of McCarran-Walter Act allow naturalization of Japanese immigrants.

Commitment 1941 - 1942

Martial Law Declared in Hawaii

December 7, 1941

11:30 am – Martial law declared in the Territory of Hawaii: habeas corpus suspended; mandatory curfew; gas rationing; civil courts closed; mail/press censored. The civilian governor becomes subordinate to the Military Governor.

Territorial governors wartime:

Joseph B. Poindexter (1934-1942)

Ingram M. Stainback (1942-1951)

Military governors:

Lt. Gen. Walter C. Short – December 7-17 1941

Lt. Gen. Delos C. Emmons – December 17, 1941-June 1, 1943

Lt. Gen. Robert C. Richardson – June 1, 1943-October 24, 1944

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Congress Admits Injustice of AJA Internments

Executive Order 9066 Rescinded

Issei Eligible for US Citizenship

Martial Law Declared in Hawaii